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Haploid and Diploid Phases of Lifecycles

In humans and most other animals the life cycle comprises:

a diploid zygote

which multiplies by MITOSIS to form

a diploid adult

which produces, by MEIOSIS,

a haploid gamete

two haploid gametes fuse to form

a diploid zygote

So in animals the haploid stage of the life cycle is short lived and unicellular

 

In plants alternation of generations is found.

There are two completely different types of adult; one haploid (the gametophyte) and one diploid (the sporophyte)

Image from http://nimbus.ocis.temple.edu/~rsanders/lect_7_IntroToPlants02.htm

From the diagram you can see that:

the gametophyte (which produces haploid gametes) is itself haploid so produces gametes by mitosis

the sporophyte (which produces haploid spores) is diploid so produces spores by meiosis

There is an evolutionary trend among plants towards the sporophyte dominating with the gametophyte typically being smaller and shorter-lived. Thus most of the plants with which you are familiar are the sporophyte phase 

 
 

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